. This negative charge inside the cell is created by an imbalance of ions—specifically sodium ( Na+cap N a raised to the positive power ) and potassium ( K+cap K raised to the positive power )—regulated by specialized pumps and channels. The Action Potential: The "All-or-Nothing" Signal
This process is "all-or-nothing"—the signal doesn't get "stronger" with more stimulus; instead, the neuron fires more frequently . How We Study the Brain's Electricity Electrophysiology of the Neuron
: The voltage briefly dips below the resting level before stabilizing. Electrophysiology of the Neuron
A neuron at rest is like a charged battery. It maintains a , typically around Electrophysiology of the Neuron